Piston



E. 0. LONG. PISTON.

APPLICATION FILED DEC,9| 1918.

- Patented No 1, 1921.

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ELMER (3. LONG, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIQ.

iPIS'lON.

Application filed. December 9, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELMER 0. LONG, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Quincy, in the county of Adams and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pistons, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in pistons.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide an improvement in a piston which. is more especially used in internal combustion motors in which means are provided in the piston whereby a better fitting relation is provided thereto relative to the cylinder in which the piston is adapted to reciprocate.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved piston in which the lower and intermediate portions thereof are capable of expanding and contracting more readily than heretofore relative to the heat contained in the cylinder.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved piston in which the back-slap or connecting rod thrust will be eliminated.

Other and further objects will appear in the specification and be specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of this improved piston.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation opposite to that shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on the line III-III of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken on the line IVIV of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on a reduced scale taken on the line VV of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings the solid end 1 of the piston has the usual piston ring recesses 2 formed therein. In order to more fully describe this improved invention that portion of the piston shown in Fig. 1 will be hereinafter designated the A-side portion, whereas that portion in Fig. 2 will be hereinafter designated as the B-side portion.

Formed in the side portion A is a cut-out tongue shaped portion 3, said tongue portion being formed by a pair of vertically cut slots 4 and a horizontally cut slot 5 adjoining the upper ends of said slots 4, the

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

Serial No. 265,947.

lower ends of the slots 4 terminating as shown at 6 a distance above the lower end 7 of the piston. Leading from the lower end of the piston in the side portion A is a vertically formed slot 8 which extends upwardly intermediate of the tongue portion 3 and terminates at a point about midway of the length of said tongueportion.

Centrally arranged in the side portion B of the piston is a vertically formed slot 9 Which extends from the lower end of the piston 7 and terminates a short distance below the lower piston ring recesses 2, and there being a pair of horizontally formed slots 9 leading from the vertically formed slot 9, said slots 9 and 9 forming a T-shape. This slot 9 is diametrically opposite from the slot 8. The slots 8 and 9 are also arranged at right angles to the wrist pin openings 10.

Heretofore in the manufacture and use of pistons for internal combustion motors, due to their having a solid peripheral cylinder bearing surface, the diameters of said pistons have to be turned off to diameters that are much less than the diameters of the cylinders in which they are to reciprocate, on account of the fact that extreme expansion of the piston has to be taken care of in order to prevent too much friction which is caused by too tight a fit of the piston in the cylinder. With this improved piston in which the tongue portion 3 is formed and in which the vertically formed slots 8 and 9 are contained, a closer fit may be established between the piston and its cylinder during the assembly. Then when a motor equipped with these improved pistons is in operation upon the greatest expansion of the piston, the expanding forces against the peripheral surfaces of the piston will engage the cylinder wall with a pressure only great enough to automatically accommodate a proper sliding relation of the piston relative to the cylinder; whereas the excess crowding or expansion will be carried out in the slots 4, 8 and 9 of the piston, thereby preventing undue frictional wearing of the piston against the cylinder.

The construction of the tongue shaped portion 3 is formed in the intermediate portion of the piston for the purpose of taking care of the expansion and contraction of said intermediate portion, said tongue shaped portion, however, also being assisted by the slot 9, whereas the slot 8 and lower end of the slot 9 will provide for the expansion and contraction of the lower end of the piston.

In a piston of this improved character it is preferable to have the solid end 1 of the piston of a lesser diameter across the peripheral surface adjacent the piston ring recesses 2 than the remaining lower portion of the piston, said lesser diameter adjacent the solid end of the piston not being considered relative to this improved invention, as the usual type of piston rings mounted in the recesses will automatically take care of the proper expanding, contracting and packing relation relative to said solid piston end.

The slots 9 which adjoin the vertical slot 9 adjacent the piston ring recesses 2 prevent the expansion and contraction strains of the solid piston end 1 from traveling directly onto the side B of the piston, in which instance said strains will be dispersed along thewrist pin sides of the piston.

In order to take care of the aforementioned baokslap of the piston which is generally given to the lower end of pistons from the throwing-thrust of the connecting rod, attention is called to the disposition of the vertically formed slots 8 and 9 which are diametrically opposite from one another and arranged at right angles to the wrist pin openings 10'. These slots 8 and 9, however, weaken the lower portion of the piston relative to the expansion and contraction thereof, but in the disposition of said slots as mentioned the bending moment of the edges 11 thereof is transferred circularly therefrom, the side portions A and B- in which forced by the rib 13, are provided for reins forcing the bearings formed by the wrist pin openings 10.

What I claim is:

1. A piston having a tongue-shaped portion formed on its peripheral face, and a longitudinally formed slot extending into said tongue portion.

2. A one piece piston closed at one end and having a pair of longitudinally arranged diametrically opposed slots formed in its peripheral face, thereby providing disconnected peripheral portions capable of moving outwardly or inwardly without re straint, and there being a transverse slot located adjacent the closed end of the piston adjoined intermediate of its ends by one of said other slots.

3. A piston having a pair of longitudinally arranged diametrically opposed slots formed in its peripheral face, one of said slots being shorter than the other slot.

4. A piston having a tongue-shaped portion formed on its peripheral face, a longitudinally formed slot extending into said tongue portion, and a second longitudinally formed slot diametrically opposed to said first-mentioned slot.

5. A piston having a solid end portion and a T-shaped slot formed in the peripheral face of the piston in which the transverse portion of said T-shaped slot is disposed adjacent the solid end of the piston, said slot forming adjacent disconnected peripheral portions which are capable of unrestrained outward and inward movement.

6. A piston having a solid end portion, a tongue-shaped portion formed on the peripheral face of the piston, having its face end located adjacent the solid end portion, and a longitudinally formed slot extending from the lower end of the piston into said tongue portion.

7. A piston having a tongue-shaped portion formed on its peripheral face, a T- shaped slot oppositely disposed from said tongue-shaped slot, and a longitudinallyformed slot extending into said tongue portion.

8. A piston having a tongue-shaped portion formed on its )eripheral face, a longitudinally formed s ot extending into said tongue portion, and a second longitudinally formed slot diametrically opposed to said first-mentioned slot adjoining a transversely formed slot.

9. A piston having a solid end portion, a

lower end of the piston into said tongue portion, and a T-shapedslot disposed opposite from said tongue portion.

10. A one piece piston provided with a solid end portion and a skirt portion, said skirt portion having a longitudinally extending slot formed through the thickness of its wall, said slot extending from the rear edge of the skirt portion and forming adjacent disconnected portions in said Skirt portion which are capable of being moved inwardly or outwardl without restraint.

LMER LONG. 

